Machine Learning (ML)
UK

The following table provides summary statistics for permanent job vacancies with a requirement for Machine Learning skills. Included is a benchmarking guide to the salaries offered in vacancies that have cited Machine Learning over the 6 months to 20 May 2024 with a comparison to the same period in the previous 2 years.

6 months to
20 May 2024
Same period 2023 Same period 2022
Rank 69 107 55
Rank change year-on-year +38 -52 +25
Permanent jobs citing Machine Learning 3,598 3,079 9,295
As % of all permanent jobs advertised in the UK 3.60% 3.10% 5.71%
As % of the Processes & Methodologies category 4.23% 3.24% 5.96%
Number of salaries quoted 1,660 1,513 2,717
10th Percentile £43,750 £45,200 £42,500
25th Percentile £52,500 £56,000 £53,750
Median annual salary (50th Percentile) £70,000 £70,000 £72,500
Median % change year-on-year - -3.45% +16.00%
75th Percentile £95,000 £90,000 £90,500
90th Percentile £115,000 £112,500 £110,000
UK excluding London median annual salary £60,000 £65,000 £60,000
% change year-on-year -7.69% +8.33% +9.09%

All Process and Methodology Skills
UK

Machine Learning is in the Processes and Methodologies category. The following table is for comparison with the above and provides summary statistics for all permanent job vacancies with a requirement for process or methodology skills.

Permanent vacancies with a requirement for process or methodology skills 85,108 95,066 155,930
As % of all permanent jobs advertised in the UK 85.18% 95.58% 95.78%
Number of salaries quoted 59,794 56,135 83,138
10th Percentile £29,071 £34,000 £33,645
25th Percentile £40,000 £45,000 £43,750
Median annual salary (50th Percentile) £55,000 £61,180 £60,000
Median % change year-on-year -10.10% +1.97% +9.09%
75th Percentile £72,500 £81,250 £80,000
90th Percentile £92,500 £100,000 £96,250
UK excluding London median annual salary £50,000 £55,000 £52,500
% change year-on-year -9.09% +4.76% +10.53%

Machine Learning
Job Vacancy Trend

Job postings citing Machine Learning as a proportion of all IT jobs advertised.

Job vacancy trend for Machine Learning in the UK

Machine Learning
Salary Trend

3-month moving average salary quoted in jobs citing Machine Learning.

Salary trend for Machine Learning in the UK

Machine Learning
Salary Histogram

Salary distribution for jobs citing Machine Learning over the 6 months to 20 May 2024.

Salary histogram for Machine Learning in the UK

Machine Learning
Top 19 Job Locations

The table below looks at the demand and provides a guide to the median salaries quoted in IT jobs citing Machine Learning within the UK over the 6 months to 20 May 2024. The 'Rank Change' column provides an indication of the change in demand within each location based on the same 6 month period last year.

Location Rank Change
on Same Period
Last Year
Matching
Permanent
IT Job Ads
Median Salary
Past 6 Months
Median Salary
% Change
on Same Period
Last Year
Live
Jobs
UK excluding London +47 2,557 £60,000 -7.69% 626
England -13 2,027 £70,000 - 1,171
Scotland +73 1,477 £69,750 +7.31% 33
London +23 942 £85,000 +6.25% 699
Work from Home -5 934 £65,000 -6.40% 610
South East +15 345 £65,000 -7.14% 258
South West -19 239 £65,000 -3.70% 76
North of England -109 189 £55,000 -15.38% 98
Midlands -32 182 £57,500 +4.55% 51
West Midlands -15 141 £57,500 +9.52% 38
North West -94 108 £55,000 -6.38% 61
East of England -10 100 £65,000 -7.14% 93
Yorkshire -63 67 £55,000 -20.80% 27
East Midlands -29 41 £47,500 -29.63% 13
North East -16 14 £47,500 -26.92% 10
Wales -2 13 £60,000 -0.04% 8
Northern Ireland +34 9 £100,000 +33.33% 15
Channel Islands - 2 - -
Isle of Man - 2 £82,500 -

Machine Learning
Co-occurring Skills and Capabilities by Category

The follow tables expand on the table above by listing co-occurrences grouped by category. The same employment type, locality and period is covered with up to 20 co-occurrences shown in each of the following categories:

Application Platforms
1 391 (10.87%) Apache Spark
2 181 (5.03%) Apache
3 166 (4.61%) Apache Airflow
4 99 (2.75%) FileNet
5 56 (1.56%) SAS
6 23 (0.64%) Confluence
7 18 (0.50%) SharePoint
8 13 (0.36%) Jupyter
9 11 (0.31%) CICS
9 11 (0.31%) nginx
10 6 (0.17%) Kinematics
11 5 (0.14%) Appian
12 4 (0.11%) Microsoft Exchange
12 4 (0.11%) WordPress
13 3 (0.083%) IIS
13 3 (0.083%) Luigi
14 2 (0.056%) ArcGIS
14 2 (0.056%) CMS
15 1 (0.028%) Alfresco
15 1 (0.028%) Documentum
Applications
1 63 (1.75%) Simulink
2 61 (1.70%) Microsoft Excel
3 20 (0.56%) Microsoft Office
4 19 (0.53%) Microsoft PowerPoint
5 9 (0.25%) MS Visio
6 8 (0.22%) Chatbot
7 7 (0.19%) Microsoft Project
8 6 (0.17%) EViews
8 6 (0.17%) Stateflow
9 4 (0.11%) Spreadsheet
9 4 (0.11%) Trello
10 2 (0.056%) SPSS
11 1 (0.028%) Blender
Business Applications
1 14 (0.39%) Aladdin
2 8 (0.22%) Siebel CRM
3 3 (0.083%) Sparx Enterprise Architect
4 1 (0.028%) Data Workbench
4 1 (0.028%) Dynamics NAV
4 1 (0.028%) Magento
4 1 (0.028%) Salesforce CRM
4 1 (0.028%) SAP Business One
4 1 (0.028%) SAP S/4HANA
Cloud Services
1 1,319 (36.66%) AWS
2 867 (24.10%) Azure
3 396 (11.01%) GCP
4 355 (9.87%) Power Platform
5 127 (3.53%) GitHub
6 118 (3.28%) Amazon S3
7 117 (3.25%) Cloud Computing
8 115 (3.20%) SaaS
9 88 (2.45%) Serverless
10 87 (2.42%) Azure DevOps
10 87 (2.42%) Snowflake
11 82 (2.28%) Azure Data Factory
12 81 (2.25%) Datadog
13 77 (2.14%) Azure Synapse Analytics
14 65 (1.81%) Matillion
15 57 (1.58%) Azure Machine Learning
16 56 (1.56%) Azure Cosmos DB
17 55 (1.53%) Amazon CloudWatch
18 52 (1.45%) PowerApps
19 48 (1.33%) Power Automate
Communications & Networking
1 35 (0.97%) DNS
2 27 (0.75%) HTTP
3 20 (0.56%) Firewall
4 18 (0.50%) DSL
5 16 (0.44%) Internet
5 16 (0.44%) Network Security
5 16 (0.44%) TCP/IP
6 13 (0.36%) VPN
7 11 (0.31%) Wireless
8 9 (0.25%) LAN
8 9 (0.25%) WAN
8 9 (0.25%) WLAN
9 7 (0.19%) MQTT
9 7 (0.19%) OpenVPN
10 6 (0.17%) DHCP
11 5 (0.14%) Modbus
11 5 (0.14%) RFID
11 5 (0.14%) SSL
12 4 (0.11%) SD-WAN
12 4 (0.11%) ZigBee
Database & Business Intelligence
1 499 (13.87%) NoSQL
2 359 (9.98%) Big Data
3 334 (9.28%) Power BI
4 265 (7.37%) Data Warehouse
5 255 (7.09%) SQL Server
6 233 (6.48%) Data Lake
7 179 (4.97%) Tableau
8 166 (4.61%) Hadoop
9 156 (4.34%) Elasticsearch
10 142 (3.95%) PostgreSQL
11 138 (3.84%) Apache Hive
12 136 (3.78%) Apache Cassandra
13 112 (3.11%) SQL Server Integration Services
14 103 (2.86%) HBase
15 101 (2.81%) Apache Ignite
16 90 (2.50%) MongoDB
17 82 (2.28%) Relational Database
18 57 (1.58%) Data Mining
19 46 (1.28%) MySQL
20 42 (1.17%) Star Schema
Development Applications
1 322 (8.95%) Git
2 201 (5.59%) JUnit
3 192 (5.34%) Jenkins
4 146 (4.06%) Cypress.io
5 105 (2.92%) Jasmine
6 86 (2.39%) Bitbucket Server
7 84 (2.33%) Selenium
8 60 (1.67%) Karma Test Runner
8 60 (1.67%) Protractor
8 60 (1.67%) WebDriver
9 49 (1.36%) JIRA
10 48 (1.33%) GitLab
11 45 (1.25%) Mockito
12 25 (0.69%) Android Studio
13 21 (0.58%) SoapUI
14 19 (0.53%) JMeter
14 19 (0.53%) MLflow
15 17 (0.47%) Vagrant
16 16 (0.44%) CircleCI
17 14 (0.39%) Bitbucket
General
1 2,057 (57.17%) Finance
2 1,585 (44.05%) Inclusion and Diversity
3 1,512 (42.02%) Law
4 781 (21.71%) Marketing
4 781 (21.71%) Social Skills
5 531 (14.76%) Banking
6 529 (14.70%) Legal
7 300 (8.34%) Analytical Skills
8 294 (8.17%) Investment Banking
9 226 (6.28%) Retail
10 191 (5.31%) Public Sector
11 153 (4.25%) Front Office
12 114 (3.17%) Presentation Skills
13 93 (2.58%) Financial Institution
14 89 (2.47%) Influencing Skills
15 86 (2.39%) Games
16 58 (1.61%) Manufacturing
17 38 (1.06%) Electronics
17 38 (1.06%) Organisational Skills
18 33 (0.92%) Automotive
Job Titles
1 1,564 (43.47%) Software Engineer
2 626 (17.40%) Senior
3 619 (17.20%) Lead
4 590 (16.40%) Java Engineer
5 584 (16.23%) Java Software Engineer
6 500 (13.90%) Developer
7 410 (11.40%) Lead Software Engineer
8 353 (9.81%) Python Engineer
9 349 (9.70%) Data Engineer
10 309 (8.59%) Data Scientist
11 306 (8.50%) Python Software Engineer
12 297 (8.25%) Full Stack Engineer
13 288 (8.00%) Full Stack Software Engineer
14 211 (5.86%) Architect
15 204 (5.67%) AWS Engineer
16 191 (5.31%) AWS Software Engineer
17 185 (5.14%) Senior Software Engineer
18 179 (4.97%) Developer/Software Engineer
19 174 (4.84%) Senior Data Scientist
20 153 (4.25%) Lead Java Engineer
Libraries, Frameworks & Software Standards
1 562 (15.62%) React
2 411 (11.42%) Spring
3 350 (9.73%) AngularJS
4 301 (8.37%) Kafka
5 250 (6.95%) HTML
6 221 (6.14%) J2EE
7 209 (5.81%) CSS
8 199 (5.53%) Node.js
9 180 (5.00%) Hibernate
10 178 (4.95%) PySpark
11 177 (4.92%) TensorFlow
12 171 (4.75%) JMS
13 165 (4.59%) Twitter Bootstrap
14 161 (4.47%) JSON
15 137 (3.81%) .NET
16 134 (3.72%) jQuery
16 134 (3.72%) Pandas
16 134 (3.72%) Spring Boot
17 131 (3.64%) PyTorch
18 112 (3.11%) GraphQL
Miscellaneous
1 973 (27.04%) Algorithms
2 514 (14.29%) Cloud Native
3 203 (5.64%) Data Structures
4 192 (5.34%) Onboarding
5 190 (5.28%) Public Cloud
6 173 (4.81%) Product Ownership
7 155 (4.31%) Hedge funds
8 151 (4.20%) Fixed Income
9 118 (3.28%) Management Information System
10 114 (3.17%) Equities
11 69 (1.92%) Self-Motivation
12 65 (1.81%) Foreign Exchange (FX)
13 64 (1.78%) IoT
14 54 (1.50%) Distributed Systems
15 52 (1.45%) Derivative
16 50 (1.39%) Reference Data
17 43 (1.20%) Legacy Code
18 42 (1.17%) Credit Risk
19 38 (1.06%) Taxonomies
20 33 (0.92%) Blockchain
Operating Systems
1 190 (5.28%) Linux
2 155 (4.31%) Unix
3 72 (2.00%) Windows
4 53 (1.47%) Android
5 23 (0.64%) CentOS
6 19 (0.53%) Embedded Linux
7 18 (0.50%) Red Hat Enterprise Linux
7 18 (0.50%) Windows Server
8 16 (0.44%) Ubuntu
9 11 (0.31%) Apple iOS
10 9 (0.25%) Windows Server 2019
11 6 (0.17%) Windows Server 2016
12 3 (0.083%) Windows 10
12 3 (0.083%) Windows Server 2003
13 1 (0.028%) Mac OS
13 1 (0.028%) Solaris
13 1 (0.028%) VMS
Processes & Methodologies
1 2,791 (77.57%) Artificial Intelligence
2 1,960 (54.47%) Agile
3 1,887 (52.45%) Software Engineering
4 1,462 (40.63%) CI/CD
5 1,306 (36.30%) SDLC
6 1,230 (34.19%) Operational Stability
7 992 (27.57%) Visualisation
8 911 (25.32%) Community of Practice
9 892 (24.79%) Data Science
10 759 (21.10%) Analytics
11 750 (20.84%) Continuous Improvement
12 635 (17.65%) Computer Science
13 607 (16.87%) Decision-Making
14 547 (15.20%) Problem-Solving
15 536 (14.90%) Risk Management
16 484 (13.45%) Full Stack Development
17 464 (12.90%) Business Intelligence
18 445 (12.37%) Microservices
19 415 (11.53%) ETL
20 353 (9.81%) Data Modelling
Programming Languages
1 1,833 (50.94%) Python
2 1,431 (39.77%) SQL
3 1,300 (36.13%) Java
4 422 (11.73%) JavaScript
5 419 (11.65%) TypeScript
6 231 (6.42%) C#
7 159 (4.42%) Scala
8 155 (4.31%) R
9 151 (4.20%) C++
10 108 (3.00%) C
11 106 (2.95%) PL/SQL
12 79 (2.20%) Kotlin
13 65 (1.81%) MATLAB
14 63 (1.75%) Go
15 56 (1.56%) T-SQL
16 29 (0.81%) Haskell
17 27 (0.75%) Bash
18 26 (0.72%) Data Analysis Expressions
18 26 (0.72%) Fortran
19 24 (0.67%) PowerShell
Qualifications
1 828 (23.01%) Degree
2 257 (7.14%) Master's Degree
3 255 (7.09%) Computer Science Degree
4 224 (6.23%) Security Cleared
5 169 (4.70%) PhD
6 128 (3.56%) SC Cleared
7 76 (2.11%) DV Cleared
8 55 (1.53%) DBS Check
9 32 (0.89%) Microsoft Certification
10 29 (0.81%) AWS Certification
11 28 (0.78%) PMI Certification
12 21 (0.58%) BPSS Clearance
13 20 (0.56%) Azure Certification
14 19 (0.53%) Numerate Degree
15 16 (0.44%) CISM
15 16 (0.44%) CISSP
16 10 (0.28%) CRISC
17 9 (0.25%) MBA
18 7 (0.19%) CISA
19 6 (0.17%) Network+ Certification
Quality Assurance & Compliance
1 142 (3.95%) Data Quality
2 69 (1.92%) QA
3 63 (1.75%) Accessibility
4 50 (1.39%) GDPR
5 22 (0.61%) SLA
6 15 (0.42%) California Consumer Privacy Act
7 12 (0.33%) NIST
8 6 (0.17%) Def Stans
8 6 (0.17%) IEC 61508
9 5 (0.14%) PCI DSS
10 4 (0.11%) COBIT
11 3 (0.083%) Actionable Recommendations
11 3 (0.083%) GRC
11 3 (0.083%) JSP 440
11 3 (0.083%) PMO
12 1 (0.028%) HIPAA
12 1 (0.028%) ISO/IEC 27001
12 1 (0.028%) SNOMED CT
System Software
1 170 (4.72%) Docker
2 111 (3.09%) HDFS
3 27 (0.75%) Virtual Machines
4 23 (0.64%) Firmware
5 11 (0.31%) Time Sharing Option
6 10 (0.28%) Active Directory
6 10 (0.28%) VMware Infrastructure
7 8 (0.22%) Hyper-V
8 2 (0.056%) IAG
9 1 (0.028%) KVM
9 1 (0.028%) Slurm Workload Manager
9 1 (0.028%) VMware ESXi
Systems Management
1 376 (10.45%) Kubernetes
2 333 (9.26%) Terraform
3 97 (2.70%) Grafana
4 44 (1.22%) Ansible
5 24 (0.67%) Prometheus
6 12 (0.33%) Microsoft Intune
7 7 (0.19%) Argo
7 7 (0.19%) Graphite
8 6 (0.17%) Kubeflow
9 3 (0.083%) Backup Exec
9 3 (0.083%) Progress Chef
10 2 (0.056%) Core Impact
10 2 (0.056%) NetBackup
10 2 (0.056%) Podman
10 2 (0.056%) Puppet
11 1 (0.028%) Avamar
11 1 (0.028%) Consul
11 1 (0.028%) EMC VPLEX
11 1 (0.028%) Packer
11 1 (0.028%) vRealize
Vendors
1 460 (12.78%) Databricks
2 376 (10.45%) Microsoft
3 287 (7.98%) Oracle
4 225 (6.25%) Google
5 103 (2.86%) Splunk
6 96 (2.67%) Alteryx
7 91 (2.53%) Informatica
8 90 (2.50%) Dynatrace
9 83 (2.31%) Cloudera
10 37 (1.03%) Xilinx
11 35 (0.97%) OpenAI
12 25 (0.69%) Salesforce
13 20 (0.56%) Bloomberg
14 18 (0.50%) Cognos
14 18 (0.50%) Dataiku
14 18 (0.50%) SaltStack
14 18 (0.50%) SAP
14 18 (0.50%) Sybase
15 15 (0.42%) Pega
16 14 (0.39%) BISAM